Wage Formation in a Two-Sector Open Economy with Two Strong Unions

Abstract

1. INTRODUCTIONObserving wage formation, at least in Norway during recent years, you cannot miss the unions increased emphasis on relative wages in the wage negotiations. This focus might be motivated by tactical reasons. Relatively decreasing wages is often a good argument, at least as far as support from the public opinion is concerned. On the other hand, people’s appreciation of their situation (here wages) does often depends on the situation of “groups with which we naturally compare ourselves”.The economics of trade unions is a rapidly expanding area. Oswald (1985) and Pencavel (1985) have given surveys of the last years’ literature. So far, little attention has been paid to the existence of different sectors and trade unions in the economy. A multisectoral framework may imply interdependence between the wage claims of the different unions. When the unions care about relative wages, there will be implications for the wage formation process. In an economy with more than one union there might exist links between wage claims of different trade unions. There are roughly three main ways in which the interdependence takes place. First, the wage claims of one union may affect the demand for workers who are members of the other unions.