Abstract
The power consumption and latency of existing MAC protocols for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are high in heterogeneous convergecast, where each sensor node generates different amounts of data in one convergecast operation. To solve this problem, we present W-MAC, a workload-aware MAC protocol for heterogeneous convergecast in WSNs. A subtree-based iterative cascading scheduling mechanism and a workload-aware time slice allocation mechanism are proposed to minimize the power consumption of nodes, while offering a low data latency. In addition, an efficient schedule adjustment mechanism is provided for adapting to data traffic variation and network topology change. Analytical and simulation results show that the proposed protocol provides a significant energy saving and latency reduction in heterogeneous convergecast, and can effectively support data aggregation to further improve the performance.
Highlights
A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of a large number of low cost, low power sensor nodes that perform data sensing tasks
Existing MAC protocols for convergecast in WSNs are mostly based on the assumption that each sensor node generates exactly the same amount of data at the same rate
This type of convergecast can be formulated as heterogeneous convergecast, where each sensor node generates different amounts of data in one convergecast operation
Summary
A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of a large number of low cost, low power sensor nodes that perform data sensing tasks. Existing MAC protocols for convergecast in WSNs are mostly based on the assumption that each sensor node generates exactly the same amount of data at the same rate. This type of convergecast can be formulated as heterogeneous convergecast, where each sensor node generates different amounts of data in one convergecast operation In this occasion, existing convergecast MAC protocols can not effectively adapt to variable data traffic on sensor nodes, and cause a great degradation in the overall performance of the network. This paper presents W-MAC, a workload-aware MAC protocol for heterogeneous convergecast in WSNs. W-MAC employs a subtree-based iterative cascading scheduling mechanism, and a workload-aware time slice allocation mechanism to minimize the power consumption of nodes, while offering a low data latency.
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