Vulvovajinal Enfeksiyon Tanı Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması ve Predispozan Faktörlerin Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Aim: The most important microbial factors that are caused vulvovaginal infections, are Candida species, Trichomonas vaginalis, Gardnerella vaginalis , enterobacteria, staphylococci, enterococci and group B streptococci. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of the infection and the effects of predisposing factors by comparing the methods used in the diagnosis of vulvovaginal infections. Material and Methods: A total of 300 female patients between the ages of 18-60 were included in this study. For the diagnosis of T. vaginalis , bacterial vaginosis and Candida species, direct examination, Gram and Giemsa stain, culture methods were used. Results: Bacterial vaginosis was found in 35.3%, T.vaginalis in 28.3%, Candida spp. in 28%. Gram stain method was taken as the reference test for the bacterial vaginosis sensitivity of direct examination was found 72.6%. Direct examination method was taken as the reference test for the T. vaginalis sensitivity of Gram stain was found 95.3% and Giemsa stain 68.2%. Culture method was taken as the reference test for the Candida species sensitivity of direct examination was found 42.9% and Gram stain 60.7%; specificity was found to be 100% for all methods. C.albicans was found the most common type of Candida. It was determined that not using prevention method was a risk factor for T. vaginalis infection. Conclusion: We think that none of the tests are sufficient alone in the diagnosis of vulvovaginal infections when the sensitivity and specificity of the methods are considered. In order to get more reliable results, direct examination, culture and Gram staining should be applied, addition to patient’s clinical condition and epidemiology.