Abstract
Previous research on narcissism has shown that men score higher than women on grandiose narcissism and women score higher than men on vulnerable narcissism. Along with theoretical discussions, these findings have contributed to the idea that vulnerable narcissism may reflect a female-typed form of narcissism and grandiose narcissism a male-typed form. In the present study, we used the 2D:4D finger-length ratio as a biological marker of prenatal estrogen/testosterone exposure (resulting in feminized/masculinized fetal development) to analyze the biological or more specifically the hormonal basis of vulnerable and grandiose narcissism. Separating our sample of 400 participants into women and men, we found that, in women, a lower 2D:4D ratio (indicative of lower estrogen/higher testosterone exposure) was related to higher grandiose narcissism, and in men, a higher 2D:4D ratio (indicative of higher estrogen/lower testosterone exposure) was related to higher vulnerable narcissism.
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