Abstract
Work done in the area of vulnerability reduction by academics and professionals has been a key component in reducing adverse impacts of potential disasters. A primary type of vulnerability in which engineers have an important role to play is that related to the built environment. In particular, the disintegration and collapse of buildings are responsible for the vast majority of deaths and injuries, as well as economic losses and social disruption, following an earthquake. Traditionally, engineering research has focused on the development of new design philosophies and construction technologies as a means of reducing the vulnerability of buildings. The tendency to study and apply new technologies for better earthquake protection has been reinforced by evidence from recent earthquakes, suggesting that, where appropriately adopted, advances in construction materials and methods result in safer structures, sustaining less damage.
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