Vulnerability analysis in geomorphic risk assessment

Abstract

Rationale The application of vulnerability concepts within the discipline of geomorphology is relatively new. Due to the lack of a theory of its own, the usage of these concepts for geomorphic risk assessments is not without pitfalls. A first step towards avoiding these pitfalls is to recognise and appreciate the theoretical backgrounds and meanings in other fields of research. Consequently, it is fundamental to review these concepts carefully and to link them – where possible – to our own discipline of geomorphology. Indeed, some of the reviewed concepts are distant to geomorphic applications. However, it is important to acknowledge their meanings in order to distinguish different aspects linked to various scientific roots. The major aim of this contribution is to review these scientific roots and their vulnerability concepts, to provide ideas for applying these concepts within geomorphology and to give some examples to illustrate advances, but also pitfalls. The first part of this chapter outlines the series of key developments in vulnerability research, and then builds the (historical) framework for vulnerability analysis in geomorphic risk reduction strategies. The common approach and methodology of vulnerability analysis from a geomorphic (i.e. natural science) perspective is reviewed and discussed in the context presented. Different vulnerability approaches towards risk reduction Research in the fields of natural hazard and risk research has diversified substantially during its relatively short history. A series of key developments can be identified: the notion of risk changed from expressing the likelihood of geophysical processes occurring, such as a landslide, to a concept that includes the possible overall adverse effects on people and their (built) environment; […]