Vulgarisation des emprunts dans les dictionnaires en mandarin du Nord-Est

Abstract

Northeastern Mandarin is a variety of Mandarin and there are some specific loanwords in its lexicon. These foreign terms are borrowed from different languages such as Russian, Manchu and Japanese for historical reasons. In this article, we discuss some instruments of popularization for lexical borrowings in the three major dictionaries of Northeastern Mandarin. These dictionaries generally indicate the status of the borrowings with clarifications from the original language in the definition, and sometimes provide an explanation by indicating the original people to which the term is related. Phonetic notations are in pinyin and differ according to the dictionaries, which can adopt different graphic forms. These forms are in fact free variants of the same loanword. The equivalents in standard Mandarin often consist of a reference support in the definition of loanwords. In order to show correct use, after each meaning it is possible to find an example in which the loanword is used.