Abstract
A new vectorial model (VSPIN) based on the Jones formalism is proposed to describe the polarization dynamics of spin injected V(e)CSELs. This general modelling framework accounts for spin injection effects as a gain circular dichroism in the active medium and provides guidelines for developing functional spin-controlled lasers. We investigate the detrimental role of phase anisotropy on polarization switching and show that it can be overcome by preparing the laser cavity to achieve efficient polarization switching under low effective spin injection. The VSPIN model predictions have been confirmed experimentally and explain the polarization behavior of spin-VCSELs reported in the literature.
Highlights
Spin-injection into semiconductor (SC) based Light Emitting Diodes (LED) is currently the subject of significant research effort [1,2]
This model relies on the Jones formalism where the spin injection effect is phenomenologically taken into account as a gain circular dichroism
The primary focus of this vectorial model is the steady-state operation of the laser. Outside this region which is limited by the longest time constant of the system, i.e., the carrier recombination lifetime or the photon lifetime in the cavity or the spin relaxation lifetime, the dynamical interaction of the electromagnetic field with the active medium has to be taken into account
Summary
Spin-injection into semiconductor (SC) based Light Emitting Diodes (LED) is currently the subject of significant research effort [1,2]. Several models based on rate equations and including spin dependent carrier dynamics have already been developed for VCSELs in order to describe the evolution of the polarization eigenstates with different degrees of accuracy [18,19,20,21] These models mainly consider carriers’ dynamics in the active medium taking into account microscopic parameters or assume that the laser polarization state is similar to that provided by the gain structure. We have shown that compensating the linear phase anisotropy in the cavity is another way to stimulate polarization switching through spin injection, but is less efficient [23] These experimental developments have been guided by a simple and pragmatic modelling approach taking into account the presence of additional optical components inside the laser cavity and considering that spin injection phenomenologically leads to a tiny gain circular dichroism in the active medium. The Vectorial-SPIN (VSPIN) model presented in this work relies on the derivation of the field resonant condition in the framework of the Jones formalism
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