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Abstract
PurposeIntracranial aneurysms can be treated micro-surgically. This procedure involves an appropriate head position of the patient and a proper craniotomy. These steps enable a proper access, facilitating the subsequent steps. To train the access planning process, we propose a VR-based training system.MethodWe designed and implemented an immersive VR access simulation, where the user is surrounded by a virtual operating room, including medical equipment and virtual staff. The patient’s head can be positioned via hand rotation and an arbitrary craniotomy contour can be drawn. The chosen access can be evaluated by exposing the aneurysm using a microscopic view.ResultsThe evaluation of the simulation took place in three stages: testing the simulation using the think-aloud method, conducting a survey and examining the precision of drawing the contour. Although there are differences between the virtual interactions and their counterparts in reality, the participants liked the immersion and felt present in the operating room. The calculated surface dice similarity coefficient, Hausdorff distance and feedback of the participants show that the difficulty of drawing the craniotomy is appropriate.ConclusionThe presented training simulation for head positioning and access planning benefits from the immersive environment. Thus, it is an appropriate training for novice neurosurgeons and medical students with the goal to improve anatomical understanding and to become aware of the importance of the right craniotomy hole.
Highlights
Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are pathological dilatations of intracranial vessel walls
More and more IAs are treated minimally-invasively, as this method has several advantages like, e.g. a reduced operation time [11]. Despite this shift of treatment, there are cases that have to be treated surgically due to complex circumstances, e.g. aneurysms located at the
Since the length of the M1 segment is an important criterion for the decision about the surgical strategy in middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms [3], we provided different Circle of Willis (CoW) configurations for the individual target placement
Summary
Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are pathological dilatations of intracranial vessel walls. More and more IAs are treated minimally-invasively, as this method has several advantages like, e.g. a reduced operation time [11] Despite this shift of treatment, there are cases that have to be treated surgically due to complex circumstances, e.g. aneurysms located at the. We implement a virtual reality (VR) training system which has the advantage that surgeons and trainees can explore different approaches without destroying models and with the possibility to undo steps. This method is less resource-intensive than cadaver or physical simulations. Concerning virtual simulations, VR is a common method to provide realistic and immersive training in surgery and interventional
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