Abstract
Viral protein U (Vpu) is a lentiviral viroporin encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and some simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strains. This small protein of 81 amino acids contains a single transmembrane domain that allows for supramolecular organization via homoligomerization or interaction with other proteins. The topology and trafficking of Vpu through subcellular compartments result in pleiotropic effects in host cells. Notwithstanding the high variability of its amino acid sequence, the functionality of Vpu is well conserved in pandemic virus isolates. This review outlines our current knowledge on the interactions of Vpu with the host cell. The regulation of cellular physiology by Vpu and the validity of this viroporin as a therapeutic target are also discussed.
Highlights
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Viral protein U (Vpu) protein is an 81-amino acid type I transmembrane protein [1,2]
This review provides an updated overview about the interaction of Vpu protein with host cell membranes of Vpu: for the downregulation the CD4 of receptor from thecompartments
This review provides an updated overview about may impact on virus spread from the host cells and the potential of Vpu viroporin as an antiviral the interaction of Vpu protein with host cell membranes and its consequences for the functional integrity target are discussed
Summary
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Viral protein U (Vpu) protein is an 81-amino acid type I transmembrane protein [1,2]. The translated Vpu protein modifies the distribution and/or concentration of membrane proteins in host cells This interaction with the host cell may account for two of the main proteins are produced late and in a coordinated manner [6]. This interaction with the host cell may account for two of the main functions of Vpu: the downregulation of the CD4 receptor from the Virusesand. This review provides an updated overview about may impact on virus spread from the host cells and the potential of Vpu viroporin as an antiviral the interaction of Vpu protein with host cell membranes and its consequences for the functional integrity target are discussed. How these interactions may impact on virus spread from the host cells and the potential of Vpu viroporin as an antiviral target are discussed
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