Abstract
We used correlation analysis to examine whether changes in grey matter volume in patients correlated with clinical presentation. gray matter volume was markedly reduced in neovascular glaucoma patients than healthy controls in the following brain regions: left cingulum anterior/medial frontal gyrus; left middle frontal gyrus, orbital part; left inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part; superior temporal gyrus/right frontal inferior orbital part. VBM directly suggests that neovascular glaucoma patients have changed in the volume of multiple brain regions. These changes exist in brain areas related to the visual pathway, as well as other brain areas which are not related to vision. The alteration of specific brain areas are closely related to clinical symptoms such as increased intraocular pressure and optic nerve atrophy in neovascular glaucoma patients. In conclusion, neovascular glaucoma may cause paralgesia, anxiety, and depression in patients.
Highlights
Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness globally [1], with neovascular glaucoma (NVG) being one of the most complicated forms of this illness
3.2 voxel-based morphometry (VBM) differences between groups In the accompanying brain regions, the VBM value in the NVG group was vastly smaller than healthy controls (HCs): left cingulum anterior/medial frontal gyrus (t = 6.2185, p < 0.001); left middle frontal gyrus, orbital part (t = 5.6938, p < 0.001); left inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part (t = 7.0916, p < 0.001); right superior temporal gyrus/right frontal inferior orbital part (t = 7.3406, p < 0.001) (Table 3, Fig. 2)
Ziko et al [29] found that VBM showed significantly decreased volume in the visual pathway and other brain areas which are related with the visual system
Summary
Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness globally [1], with neovascular glaucoma (NVG) being one of the most complicated forms of this illness. NVG is often secondary to diabetic retinopathy (DR), central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), intravascular inflammation, and tumors [2, 4]. The production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secondary to retinal ischemia is the most common causes of NVG [5, 6]. VEGF [7, 8], Ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2) [9], platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) [10], hypoxia-inducible factor-α (HIF-α) [11], and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) [12, 13] are all considered to be related to the onset of NVG
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