Abstract
At high wing lift coefficients pertinent to STOL operation, the conventional neglect of vortex roll-up effects can lead to errors when calculating downwash at the tail plane and in the presence of ground or wind-tunnel walls. A classical unsteady treatment in the cross-flow plane, which calculates the roll-up of an initial spanwise row of point vortices, has been modified to allow for the influence of the wing. Additional meaning is thereby given to the streamwise length dimension and hence to aspect ratio and sweep. The effects of height-aboveground and of various tunnel heights and widths are discussed. Under certain limited conditions, notably with part-span flaps or too narrow a tunnel, part or all of the trailing vortex system may move upwards. Consequent changes in the vertical velocity field are additional to conventional estimates involving only the appropriate image system.
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