Abstract
We investigate the effect of rotation for two-dimensional Josephson junction arrays consisting of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates trapped by both a harmonic trap and an optical lattice. This system is analogous to the superconducting Josephson junction array to which a transverse magnetic field is applied, being described by the uniformly frustrated XY model. The frustration parameter f, defined by the rotation frequency of the condensate and the lattice constant of the optical lattice, is an important parameter to determine the ground state. The numerical simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation reveal that for f=1/2 the ground state possesses the checkerboard pattern of vortices, and for f<1/2 the vortex configuration is characterized by the staircase form.
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