Abstract
The inlet of vortex drops for supercritical approaching flow is discussed. Based on detailed experimental observations collected at various inlet geometries, the shape of vortex inlet was optimized. The geometry recommended is of spiral shape, and depends mainly on the shaft radius and on the width of the approaching channel. Particular features of the inlet are its wide domain of application regarding the Froude number and bottom slope of the approaching channel, and zero transverse inlet slope. The discharge capacities of vortex drops are shown to be of the same order for both sub- and supercritical approach flows. Further, the surface profile along the outer guiding wall is analyzed. It is found that both the Froude number of the approach flow and the radius of outer inlet wall influence significantly the maximum height of standing wave. A nondimensional surface profile along the outer wall is given, and prominent flow features in drop inlet structures are discussed.
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