Vortex characteristics in Fourier and non-Fourier heat conduction based on heat flux rotation

Abstract

Vortex is one of the most important characteristics for flow field, but for heat conduction, vortex problems have not been studied. In this paper, heat vortex is mainly investigated from the viewpoint of heat flux rotation. The heat flux rotation is calculated and discussed for Fourier’s law and typical non-Fourier heat conduction models, including the Cattaneo-Vernotte (CV) model, Jeffrey model, Guyer-Krumhansl (GK) model and dual-phase-lagging (DPL) model. It is found that the change rule of heat flux rotation is only determined by the heat conduction law, and the change rule can also reflect certain relaxation process in non-Fourier heat conduction. These conclusions can provide a perspective for proving non-Fourier heat conduction, which is more rigorous than heat wave phenomena or finite propagation velocity. The heat flux rotation can also shows particular characteristics of non-Fourier heat conduction, which is quite different from mechanical phenomena. Different from the heat flux rotation, the entropy flux rotation for non-Fourier heat conduction does not change in an established rule.