Von der Integration zur gesellschaftlichen Inklusion von Menschen mit Behinderungen – realistisches Ziel oder Utopie?

Abstract

Abstract For approximately four decades now, the social dealings of Central Europe with persons who exhibit long lasting/permanent psychological disturbances, mental-, physical-, or multiple disabilities, have followed the paradigm of integration, which promises conditions of living which are »as normal as possible « and »in the immediate vicinity« of persons without disabilities. To date, this paradigm has not been completely implemented. Nevertheless, with the »Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities «, which is also in effect in Germany since 2009, a new paradigm was placed on the socio-political agenda. This contribution sketches the development, beginning after the Second World War, of the care system for persons with disabilities, describes the basis of the inclusion paradigm and names the connected societal challenges.