Abstract
Objective of the study: to study changes of electrolyte balance and hematocrit in the first trimester vomiting and in uncomplicated pregnancy.Material and methods. 109 women in the first trimester of pregnancy were divided into 2 groups. Group I consisted of 58 patients with complaints on vomiting from 1 to 10 times a day, group II – 51 women without complaints of nausea and vomiting. At the beginning of the study and at 20 weeks the concentrations of the main electrolytes in the serum, as well as the hematocrit index, were determined in all study participants. Groups were compared basing not only modern concentration level, but also distribution of each meaning in total.Results. Despite the loss of fluid and electrolytes with vomiting, patients in group I did not differ from women with uncomplicated pregnancy in average ion concentrations and hematocrit. However, the distribution of the study participants by the indicators showed that the majority of women in group II had high levels of serum sodium and hematocrit. In addition, the dynamics of pregnancy progression in women of group I showed a decrease in sodium concentration and in pregnant women in group II – on the contrary, the tendency to increase this indicator.Conclusion. Vomiting of the first trimester does not lead to significant changes in electrolyte balance. However, with the progression of pregnancy, such patients show adequate hemodilution, which implies a decrease in sodium concentration and hematocrit. At the same time, in some patients with uncomplicated course of the first trimester of pregnancy, there is a tendency for defective hemodilution. This can lead to endothelial dysfunction and associated obstetric complications, by the time patients with first pregnancy vomiting have more favorable changes of blood circulation
Highlights
Nausea and vomiting are most frequent complains of first pregnancy weeks
The correlation between sodium-ion concentration and hematocrit volume was in both terms was calculated
The stability of electrolytes balance is so important for organism wellbeing, and regulating mechanisms, including aldosterone with its angiotensin activation, vasopressin and atrial natriuretic peptide, are very sensitive and – effective. This stability is a reason of non-effectiveness of different correcting solutions appointment for vomiting of pregnancy treatment
Summary
Nausea and vomiting are most frequent complains of first pregnancy weeks. Emotional component, significant impact on wellbeing and quality of life has put these symptoms in the center of plenty of investigations. Q. Zhou et al (2019) reported about increased risk of low weight newborn by severe form of first-trimester vomiting. Tierson et al proposed an explanation, what is the reason of small newborn weight by first trimester nausea and vomiting. It may be caused by a more quick fetus maturation because of an increased protein intake. Poeran-Bahadoer et al (2019) studied more longer the catamnesis of patients with vomiting of first trimester and their children till adulthood in population of Rotterdam According to their results, vomiting, not depending on its severity, increases the risk of obesity and excess body mass of an offspring in adulthood. Objective of the study – to study changes in electrolyte balance and hematocrit concentration by vomiting of first trimester and by uncomplicated pregnancy
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