Abstract
The stability of the implant–abutment interface is crucial for the maintenance of the implant index integrity. Several factors are capable of inducing deformation in implant–abutment connection, such as the actual insertion of the implant into the bone. This study aimed to evaluate the deformations produced in the connection after the insertion of the implant. Ten implants with two different implant carriers (Type A: carrier attached to platform and Type B: carrier attached inside the index-connection) were placed in artificial Type II bone, and volumetric changes were evaluated for different connection features with a 3D digital microscope. ANOVA (analysis of variance), Wilcoxon, and Tukey HSD post-test were used for statistical comparisons. Type A implants presented deformation at the platform level (inner slot angles and slot width), but no volumetric changes were observed inside the connection. Type B implants presented deformation in three parameters inside the connection (outer channel length, coronal step width, and coronal step length). Within the limitations of this study, we can conclude that more deformation is expected at the internal connection when the implant carrier engages this area. The engagement area should be as far away as possible from the index connection.
Highlights
One of the more frequent long-term complications in modern implantology is peri-implantitis.Recent studies showed a cumulative incidence of peri-implantitis among patients, between 24.4% and39.7% [1,2]
The present study aimed to evaluate the deformations produced by two different implant carriers, one of them applied inside the internal conical connection, and the other one used over the implant platform after the insertion of the implant in artificial Type II bone
For Type A implants, volumetric changes were observed after the implant insertion, expressed as deformation of the inner slot angles, and increased slot width as follows:
Summary
One of the more frequent long-term complications in modern implantology is peri-implantitis.Recent studies showed a cumulative incidence of peri-implantitis among patients, between 24.4% and39.7% [1,2]. Recent studies showed a cumulative incidence of peri-implantitis among patients, between 24.4% and. The risk of peri-implantitis is significantly elevated in patients who smoke or have prosthetic mismatches [2]. A systematic review from Ferrera et al [4] concluded that a history of periodontitis was associated with the occurrence of peri-implantitis. It is crucial to determine the potential factors related to peri-implantitis for preventive strategies [4]. Some of the risk factors, which increase the incidence of peri-implantitis are the previous history of periodontitis, bacterial plaque, bleeding, bone level on the medium third of the implant, lack of prosthetic fit, or a non-optimal screw joint, among others [5]. Certain systemic diseases, such as diabetes, have been related to a higher incidence of peri-implantitis [6]. The type of connection seems to be essential, since various studies have shown a higher incidence of peri-implantitis in external connection implants compared to internal connection implants [7,8]
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