Abstract
An electrochemical sensor was fabricated utilizing ionic liquids possessing cations with long alkyl chains such as trimethyl octadecylammonium and behenyl trimethylammonium and ascorbate anion. The ionic liquids were drop-coated onto the electrode. Thin modifying layers were prepared. Cyclic voltammetric investigations revealed electrostatic interactions between the electrochemical probes and the modified surface, proving that a positive charge was established at the film surface. Hence, negatively charged species such as nitrite can be pre-concentrated on the surface of presented modified electrodes. The fabricated electrodes have been used as a voltammetric sensor for nitrite. Due to the electrostatic accumulation properties of long alkyl cation, the assay exhibits a remarkable improvement in the voltammetric response toward nitrite oxidation. The influence of pH on the electrode response was thoroughly investigated, and the mechanism of the electrode was established. The developed sensor showed a linear electrochemical response in the range 1.0–50 μM with a detection limit of 0.1 μM. The electrode revealed good storage stability, reproducibility, and anti-interference ability. The determination of nitrite performed in curing salts brought satisfactory results.Graphical abstract
Highlights
Nitrite is an ion commonly found in food, soil, water, and different physiological systems
ionic liquids (ILs) comprising of ascorbate anion and cation substituted with long alkyl chain such as trimethyl octadecylammonium (C18TMA-ASC) and behenyl trimethylammonium (C22TMA-ASC) were synthesized according to a previously published procedure [29]
Electrochemical characterization of glassy carbon (GC)/C18TMA-ASC, GC/C22TMA-Cl, and GC/C22TMA-ASC electrodes In Fig. 1, cyclic voltammograms for GC/C22TMA-ASC electrode recorded in phosphate buffer (PB) buffer in the presence of redox markers Ru(NH3)63+ and Fe(CN)63−/4− are shown
Summary
Nitrite is an ion commonly found in food, soil, water, and different physiological systems. Fast response, and simplicity of use made the electrochemical approach a useful tool for the determination of nitrite [6, 9,10,11,12]. To obtain better sensitivity and lower overpotential for the oxidation of various compounds, it is necessary to modify the electrode surface with electroactive materials [5, 7, 13,14,15]. Owing to the need for a high performance of the electrochemical nitrite sensor, the surface modifications of the electrode are usually applied to boost their sensitivity and to enhance selective interactions between the sensing layer and analytes. Various chemically modified electrodes have been proposed for the determination of nitrites.
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