Voltammetric sensing performances of a carbon ionic liquid electrode modified with black phosphorene and hemin.

Abstract

A black phosphorene (BPE) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hybrid was used for the immobilization of hemin on acarbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE). BPE inside thePEDOT:PSS film was stable without adverse effects of water and oxygen. The hemin-modified electrode facilitates electrochemical communication with a couple of well-shaped and enhanced redox waves. Therefore BPE exhibits an accelerating function to the electron movement. This sensor exhibits excellent electrocatalytic effects on the reduction of various substrates including trichloroacetic acid (TCA), nitrite and H2O2. As for TCA, the reduction current at -0.36V (vs. Ag/AgCl) increases linearly in the concentrationrange from 2.0 to 180mmol·L-1 with a detection limit of 0.67mmol·L-1 (at 3σ). As for nitrite, the reduction current at -0.59Vis linear in the1.0 to 10.5mmol·L-1 concentration range,and the detection limit is 0.33mmol·L-1 (at 3σ). As for H2O2, the reduction current at -0.033V (vs. Ag/AgCl) is linear in the concentration rangefrom 4.0 to 35.0mmol·L-1 and the detection limit is 1.3mmol·L-1 (at 3σ). The real sample was analyzed with satisfactory results, which indicated that BPE had potential applications in the field of electrochemical biosensor. Graphical abstract Photos of (a) black phosphorene (BPE) solution, (b) poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), (c) BPE-PEDOT:PSS (1:5) dispersion, and the fabrication procedure of this electrochemical sensor.It was applied to thedetermination of trichloroacetic acid, nitrite and hydrogen peroxide.