Abstract
A sensitive and selective λ-MnO 2-modified carbon-paste electrode is proposed for voltammetric determination of lithium ions in pharmaceutical formulation. The various parameters that can influence the voltammetric response of the proposed electrode (carbon-paste composition, pH electrolyte, potential scan rate and interference of several ions) were investigated. The best voltammetric response was reached for an electrode composition of 25% (m/m) λ-MnO 2 in the paste, borate buffer solution of pH 9.0 and scan rate of 5 mV s −1 in the voltammetric measurements. The proposed electrode responds to lithium ions in the concentration range from 8.0×10 −5 to 2.2×10 −2 mol l −1 with a detection limit of 3.6×10 −5 mol l −1. The concentrations of lithium ions in a pharmaceutical formulation (tablet) using the proposed electrode and atomic absorption spectrophotometry are in agreement at the 95% confidence level and within an acceptable range of error.
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