Voltage-mode CFTA-C fifth-order low-pass filter design and optimization

Abstract

Based on the fifth-order voltage-mode low-pass LC ladder structure the active only grounded-C equivalent circuit solutions are presented. As active building blocks the current follower transconductance amplifiers (CFTAs) are used. Using the signal flow graph approach, the initial solution using nine active elements is further optimized to a more simple topology employing only six active elements and five capacitors. Using the readily available UCC-N1B integrated circuit, the performance of the optimized active only grounded-C voltage-mode low-pass filter has been verified both by the simulations and the experimental measurements.