Abstract
Due to increase in integration of renewable energy into the grid and power quality issues arising from it, there is need for analysis and power improvement of such networks. This paper presents voltage profile, Q-V sensitivity analysis and Q-V curves analysis for a grid that is highly penetrated by renewable energy sources; solar PV, wind power and small hydro systems. Analysis is done on IEEE 39 bus test system with Wind power injection alone, PV power injection alone, with PV and wind power injection and with PV, wind and micro hydro power injection to the grid. The analysis is used to determine the buses where voltage stability improvement is needed. From the results, it was concluded that injection of the modeled wind power alone helped in stabilizing the voltage levels as determined from voltage profiles and reactive power margins. Replacing some of the conventional sources with PV power led to reduction of voltages for weak buses below the required standards. Injection of power from more than one renewable energy source helped in slightly improving the voltage levels. Distribution Static compensators (D-STATCOMs) were used to improve the voltage levels of the buses that were below the required standards.
Highlights
The demand for electric energy is rapidly increasing and putting pressure on utilities to expand their generation
After modeling the three renewable energy sources (Solar PV, wind and small hydro) their powers were injected into the IEEE 39 bus system for analysis of voltage profile, V-Q sensitivities and Q-V curves
In order to improve the voltage levels to the required standards, the modeled DEnergies 2021, 14, x FOR PEER REVIEWSTATCOM was connected to buses 12 and 07 and the results analyzed in compariso1n3 wofi2t8h those before compensation
Summary
The demand for electric energy is rapidly increasing and putting pressure on utilities to expand their generation. The researchers are envisaging the power generation technique from the renewable energy sources such as solar, hydro and wind. Serious problems on voltage stability and power quality arise due to wind farm integration with the grid on large scales [22]. Static voltage stability is based on power flow equations and can point out the mechanisms of voltage collapse for different operating conditions. Since the system dynamics that influence voltage stability are slow, many aspects can be analyzed by use of static methods which determine the viability of equilibrium point represented by a given operation of the power system [36]. Due to the effects on power quality arising from connection of these renewable energy sources to the grid, several mitigation methods have been used in literature. Where: Ph is the hydraulic power, nt is the turbine efficiency and ng is the generator efficiency
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