Abstract
Global energy systems are undergoing a transition process towards renewable energy and energy efficiency practices. Induction motors play an important role in this energy transformation process since they are widely used as industrial loads, representing more than 53% of global energy consumption. With more countries adopting minimum energy performance standards through more efficient induction motors, comparisons between these new technologies in the presence of electrical disturbances must be systematically evaluated before adopting a substitution policy in the industry. To this end, this work presents a comparative analysis of the impact of harmonic voltages on the performance and temperature rise of electric motors classes IE2, IE3 and IE4 in the same operational conditions in view of future substitutions. The results show that under ideal operating conditions the IE4 class permanent magnet motor has better performance in terms of consumption and temperature, however presenting non-linear characteristics. In the presence of voltage harmonics, this scenario changes completely according to the harmonic content. Finally, aiming to analyze the harmonics influence in the motor temperature rise a statistical analysis by means of Spearman correlation matrices is presented.
Highlights
IntroductionMore than 53% of global electric energy consumption has been used by electric motor systems
In the last years, more than 53% of global electric energy consumption has been used by electric motor systems
Improvements in the active materials, as well as the introduction of new technologies, such as copper rotor motors, synchronous reluctance motor and line start permanent magnet motors (LSPMM) are some of the techniques implemented by manufacturers to achieve higher efficiencies [2]
Summary
More than 53% of global electric energy consumption has been used by electric motor systems. Improvements in the active materials, as well as the introduction of new technologies, such as copper rotor motors, synchronous reluctance motor and line start permanent magnet motors (LSPMM) are some of the techniques implemented by manufacturers to achieve higher efficiencies [2]. Because these technologies are still recent, it is necessary to carry out previous studies to know their strengths and weaknesses when subjected to the supply conditions of existent electrical systems. Continuous operation of motors on a polluted harmonic system results in higher temperatures in stator and rotor windings and core due to additional harmonic losses, torque reduction, noise and mechanical vibrations—some of the main effects found in Energies 2020, 13, 3333; doi:10.3390/en13133333 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies
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