Abstract

Abstract The main derivative exchange in Russia is FORTS (Futures and Options in RTS) which is a division of Russian Trade System (RTS). The underlying assets of option contracts are futures on Russian companies’ shares: OJSC “EES1, OJPC “Lukoil2 and OJSC “Gazprom3. A basic model for estimation of fair option price is Black‐Scholes model, developed in the beginning of 70‐s’ years of the last century. This model defines the option premium as a cost of its hedging by underlying asset. It uses a number of assumptions: prices of underlying assets follow log‐normal distribution; hedging is accomplished continuously; an underlying asset is infinitely divisible; a volatility is constant on all period of option life. However, according to practice, prices of shares and futures do not follow normal or log‐normal distribution, a volatility can change during a life of option, and hedging is a discrete process. Thus, Black‐Scholes model can yield inexact results in real markets, especially it concerns deeply “in t...

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