Volatile, Sensory and Functional Properties of HydroSOS Pistachios

Luis Noguera-Artiaga,Antoni Szumny,Armando Burgos-Hernández,Ángel Calin-Sánchez,David Pérez-López,Ángel A Carbonell-Barrachina,Paola Sánchez-Bravo

doi:10.3390/foods9020158

Abstract

Climate change, the increase in world population, and the intensification of urban and industrial activities, will cause a shortage of water for agriculture. This situation requires conscientious studies to manage water deficits without affecting the quality of the crops. In this study, regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategies and three rootstocks (P. atlantica, P. integerrima, and P. terebinthus) were applied to pistachio cultivation to study the quality of fruits obtained based on the morphological, functional, aroma, and their sensory properties. The results obtained demonstrated that RDI T1 (during phenological phase II of cultivation the stem water potential was maintained around −1.5 MPa) led to pistachios with same morphological properties, total polyphenol content, antioxidant activity, volatile composition, sensory properties, better profile of fatty acids, and being the favorite ones for international consumers, as compared to pistachios obtained under full irrigation treatments. On the other hand, when P. integerrima was used, pistachios obtained had the highest weight, the lowest content of sucrose and the best functional properties.

Highlights

Mediterranean and South American countries, Southern California, Southern Australia andSouth Africa are characterized by partially wet springs and autumns, mostly rainy winters and hot dry summers
Regarding the effect of the pistachio rootstock, P. integerrima had the highest content of α-pinene; P. atlantica led to nuts with the highest content of β-myrcene, dodecane and tridecane; and, P. terebinthus had the highest content of limonene
Article study, regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategies and three r high functional potential based on their high total polyphenol content (~1350 mg GAE/kg, dw) and and P. terebinthus) were applied to pistachio cultivation to stud their antioxidant activity (~22 mmol Trolox/kg, dw, on the three methods studied)

Summary

Introduction

Mediterranean and South American countries, Southern California, Southern Australia and. South Africa are characterized by partially wet springs and autumns, mostly rainy winters and hot dry summers. Different factors, such as climate change, the increase in world population, and the intensification of urban and industrial activities, will cause a shortage of water for agriculture, and it will become more and more severe in the near future [1]. This situation requires more conscientious studies to manage water deficits without affecting the quality of crops. These studies should focus on crops which are able to withstand deficit irrigation or have low water needs but without drastic impacts on production and fruit quality [2].

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