Abstract
Ultrasonic essential oil diffusers (EODs) are a popular type of indoor scenting source. We performed a chamber study in which we measured the emissions from EODs used with lemon, lavender, eucalyptus, and grapeseed oils. Over the course of 15min, the most abundant VOCs released from lemon, lavender, eucalyptus, and grapeseed oils were 2.6±0.7mg of d-limonene, 3.5±0.4mg of eucalyptol, 1.0±0.1mg of linalyl acetate, and 0.2±0.02mg of linalyl acetate, respectively. Each oil had a unique particulate matter (PM) emission profile in terms of size, number density, and rate. The dominant size ranges of the PM were 10-100nm for lemon oil, 50-100nm for lavender oil, 10-50nm for lemon oil, and above 200nm for grapeseed oil. PM1 emission rates of approximately 2mg/h, 0.1mg/h, and 3mg/h, were observed for lemon, lavender/eucalyptus, and grapeseed oils, respectively. A fivefold increase in PM1 emission was measured when the EOD with eucalyptus oil was filled with tap water as opposed to deionized water. Modeling suggests that reasonable use cases of EODs can contribute substantially to primary and secondary PM in indoor environments, but this potential varies depending on the oil and water types used.
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