Abstract
Volatile compounds of three Stachys species; Stachys macrantha (C. Koch) Stearn , Stachys sylvatica L. and Stachys annua ssp. annua var. annua L. were analyzed by a solid phase micro extraction (SPME) method with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 38 (99.2%), 38 (99.0%) and 32 (98.8%) volatile compounds were identified with different constituents from S. annua ssp. annua var. annua, S. sylvatica and S. macrantha respectively. The major volatile constituents of the investigated three Stachys species were; α -pinene (11.2%), p -cymene (18.2%), carvacrol (28.8%) in S. macrantha , γ -muurolene (10.2%), α -cedrene (11.2%), limonene (37.0%) in S. sylvatica and α -pinene (11,4%), β -pinene (23.1%), (Z)-β -ocimene (24.8%) in S. annua ssp. annua var. annua. Comparison studies of all three Stachys species showed the high percentage of monoterpene hydrocarbons within 65.8%, 49.8% area in S. annua ssp . annua var. annua and S. sylvatica respectively. And oxygenated monoterpenes were the main group of constituents (42.1% area) of S. macrantha.
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