Volatile Constituents of Essential Oils Isolated from Fresh and Dried Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. and Stachys byzantina C. Koch. Two Lamiaceae from North-West Iran

Abstract

In this study, hydro-distilled volatile oils isolated from fresh and dried Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. and Stachys byzantina C. Koch. were analyzed by using GC-FID and GC-MS method. About 44 constituents were identified in the four samples, exhibiting 96.9–99.7 % of total essential oils. The oil obtained from dried and fresh samples of S. lavandulifolia were characterized by a predominant amounts of α-pinene (42.4 % and 35.4 %), β-phellandrene (17.3 % and 19.3 %), β-myrcene (11.0 % and 7.9 %) and cis-β-ocimene (5.0 % and 6.2 %), respectively. Germacrene-B (3.4 %), α -bisabolol (2.5 %), α-copaene (2.3 %) and β-elemene (2.1 %) among the 33 components of the total oil were identified in dried sample of S. lavandulifolia and β-cubebene (3.1 %), α-amorphene (2.5 %) and β-bisabolene (2.1 %) were predominated in the oil obtained from its fresh sample. Thirty seven compounds were detected representing 97.1 % of total components identified in the oil obtained from dried S. byzantina. p-cymene (13.3 %), α-copaene (9.5 %), valeranone (8.2 %), β-cubebene (7.2 %) and germacrene-D (6.4 %) were the major compounds detected in this oil. Germacrene-D (14.4 %), valeranone (12.5 %), β-cubebene (12.1 %), cedrene-13-ol-8 (11.1 %) and β-elemene (7.8 %) among the 30 constituents (96.9 %) were identified in fresh sample of this herb. The essential oils from dried and fresh of S. lavandulifolia consisted of monoterpene hydrocarbons (79.0 % and 77.9 %, respectively) as main fraction. But, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (38.8 % and 44.6 %) were predominated in the oils from S. byzantina, respectively.