Abstract
Soil fumigation remains the standard practice to manage soilborne pathogens such as plant-parasitic nematodes, bacteria, and fungi, especially in high-value crops. However, increasing regulatory pressure due to the inherent and broad-spectrum toxicity and negative environmental impact of chemical soil fumigants, its negative effect on overall soil health, and increasing demand for organic produce, has created a growing interest in biological fumigants. Many plants and microorganisms emit volatile compounds, which can potentially be used as bio-fumigants. In this mini-review, we summarize the current status of nematology studies focused on the development of volatile compounds emitted from plants and microorganisms as fumigants to control plant-parasitic nematodes. The gap of knowledge and challenges of studying volatile compounds are also addressed.
Highlights
Soil fumigation remains the standard practice to manage soilborne pathogens such as plant-parasitic nematodes, bacteria, and fungi, especially in high-value crops
Volatile compounds (VCs) emitted from plants and microorganisms have been increasingly studied as bio-fumigant candidates for the control of various soilborne pathogens, including Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs)
We summarize the recent studies of volatile compounds (VCs) that focused on PPNs as well as the challenges and knowledge gaps that remain in the future application of VCs as potential bio-fumigants for nematode management in the field
Summary
Volatile compounds (VCs) are typically small, lipophilic, odorous, and low molecular mass compounds that. Volatile compounds and biocontrol: Bui and Desaeger can be evaporated and diffused aboveground and belowground through gas- and water-filled pores in soil and rhizosphere environments (Effmert et al, 2012; Insam and Seewald, 2010; Vespermann et al, 2007) These VCs are considered as the products of secondary metabolisms in plants and microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi (Dudareva et al, 2013; Schulz-Bohm et al, 2017; Vivaldo et al, 2017). Many other plant VCs have been shown to have potential for controlling PPNs. Dimethyl disulfide and 3-pentanol, selected from the broccoli volatilome, were able to reduce the mobility of M. incognita in vitro and gall incidence and egg production on tomato in planta (da Silva et al, 2019; Silva et al, 2018).
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