Abstract
Hippuris vulgaris, also known as horsetail or marestail, is a freshwater macrophyte occurring in lakes, rivers, ponds and marshes. According to ‘The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species’, H. vulgaris is at a high risk of extinction in Italy in the medium-term future. In the present study, we analysed for the first time the volatile composition of H. vulgaris growing in central Italy. For the purpose, the essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-MS. The chemical composition was dominated by aliphatic compounds such as fatty acids (26.0%), ketones (18.7%) and alkanes (11.4%), whereas terpenoids were poorer and mostly represented by diterpenes (7.4%). n-Hexadecanoic acid (25.5%), hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (17.5%) and trans-phytol (7.4%) were the major volatile constituents. These compounds are here proposed as chemotaxonomic markers of the species.
Highlights
Horsetail or Marestail (Hippuris vulgaris L.) is a freshwater macrophyte belonging to the Hippuridaceae family
The volatile constituents occurring in the essential oil of H. vulgaris are reported in Table S1 (Supplementary Material)
The major fraction of the oil was given by aliphatic compounds (62.9%), with fatty acids (26.0%), ketones (18.7%), alkanes (11.4%), aldehydes (4.5%) and alcohols (2.1%) as the most representatives
Summary
Horsetail or Marestail (Hippuris vulgaris L.) is a freshwater macrophyte belonging to the Hippuridaceae family. KEYWORDS Hippuris vulgaris; volatile components; GC-MS; hexadecanoic acid; hexahydrofarnesyl acetone TIC: 4021606.D \ data.ms hexahydrofarnesyl acetone borneol n-hexadecanoic acid caryophyllene oxide phytol n-pentacosane n-tricosane n-heptacosane
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