Abstract
The objectives of this work were the study of the volatile chemical composition of essential oils (EO’s) from Bursera graveolens obtained in the locality of Malagana, municipality of Mahates, Bolívar, Colombia, as well as to evaluate their repellent and fumigant properties. EO’s were extracted by hydro-distillation and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major compounds found in B. graveolens were limonene (42.2%), pulegone (20.9%), carvone (7.5%), caryophyllene (4.1%), and trans-carveol (3.8%). The repellent activity of EO’s was determined by the area preference method, where the EO of B. graveolens presented repellent activity against the Tribolium castaneum weevil at a concentration of 1 at 2% and 4 hours of exposure (88.1 and 88.6% respectively). B. graveolens essential oil was more effective in its fumigant activity with LC50 of 108.2 μg oil mL-1. Also, the fumigant and repellent activities of two individual compounds present in the oil were evaluated, that is, limonene (majority) and caryophyllene. The results indicated that B. graveolens essential oil could be a promising alternative to new natural repellents and biocides.
Highlights
The results indicated that B. graveolens essential oil could be a promising alternative to new natural repellents and biocides
The main components found in the oil were monoterpenes: Limonene (42.2%), pulegone (20.9%), carvone (7.5%), Caryophyllene (4.1%), and transcarveol (3.8%); see Table 1
Essential oil (EO) and limonene were more active than commercial repellent (Ethylbutylacetylaminopropionate)
Summary
Bursera graveolens (Kunth) Triana & Planch, (Burseraceae) is a tree (3-15 m) with a bark of reddishbrown color, alternate leaves grouped at the tips of their branches and unisexual flowers (MuñozAcevedo, Serrano-Uribe, Parra-Navas, Olivares-Escobar, & Niño-Porras, 2013). It is a native species of tropical America (from south Mexico down to Peru). The different parts of the plant, e.g., leaves, stems and resin, have been used in folk medicine (Peru, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Cuba, Colombia), in different forms (smoked, infusions, cataplasms, compresses), as healing, abortive, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, analgesic, antidiarrheal, depurative, diaphoretic, expectorant, insecticidal, for the treatment of anemia, rheumatism, dermatitis, asthma and colic as well as a mosquito repellent (Nakanishi et al, 2005; Zúñiga et al, 2005; Monzote, Hill, Cuellar, Scull, & Setzer, 2012). Essential oil obtained from B. graveolens has shown diverse activities as an anti-inflammatory (Zuñiga et al, 2005; Manzano-Santana et al, 2009), antiproliferative (Monzote et al, 2012), antioxidant and antimicrobial agent (Andrade-Santiago et al, 2016; Sotelo-Mendez, Figueroa-Cornejo, Césare-Coral, & Alegría-Arnedo, 2017)
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