Volatile anesthetics-induced neuroinflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses

Franziska E Blum,Zhiyi Zuo

doi:10.1186/2045-9912-3-16

Abstract

Volatile anesthetics have been the major anesthetics used clinically for more than 150 years. They provide all components of general anesthesia and are easy to be applied and monitored with modern equipment and technology. In addition to having anesthetic property, volatile anesthetics have multiple other effects. Many studies have clearly shown that volatile anesthetics can reduce systemic and local inflammatory responses induced by various stimuli in humans and animals. On the other hand, recent animal studies have shown that volatile anesthetics may induce mild neuroinflammation. These dual effects on inflammation may have significant biological implications and are briefly reviewed here.

Highlights

Volatile anesthetics were first introduced into clinical use in 1842 [1]
Volatile anesthetics provide all components of general anesthesia including unconsciousness, amnesia, analgesia and muscle relaxation [1]
The anti-inflammatory responses of volatile anesthetics The effects on systemic inflammation We have shown that exposure of rat NR8283 macrophages to 2% isoflurane for 1 h at 30 min before the application of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus INF-γ reduced macrophage injury and nitric oxide (NO) production

Summary

Introduction

Volatile anesthetics were first introduced into clinical use in 1842 [1]. They have been the mainstay general anesthetics for millions of patients each year. The anti-inflammatory responses of volatile anesthetics The effects on systemic inflammation We have shown that exposure of rat NR8283 macrophages to 2% isoflurane for 1 h at 30 min before the application of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus INF-γ reduced macrophage injury and NO production. These results suggest that a pre-exposure to volatile anesthetics induces systemic anti-inflammatory effect [19].

Results

Conclusion