Abstract
The formation of large voids in the Cosmic Web from the initial adiabatic cosmological perturbations of space-time metric, density and velocity of matter is investigated in cosmological model with the dynamical dark energy accelerating expansion of the Universe. It is shown that the negative density perturbations with the initial radius of about 50 Mpc in comoving to the cosmological background coordinates and the amplitude corresponding to the r.m.s. temperature fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background lead to the formation of voids with the density contrast up to $-$0.9, maximal peculiar velocity about 400 km/s and the radius close to the initial one. An important feature of voids formation from the analyzed initial amplitudes and profiles is establishing the surrounding overdensity shell. We have shown that the ratio of the peculiar velocity in units of the Hubble flow to the density contrast in the central part of a void does not depend or weakly depends on the distance from the center of the void. It is also shown that this ratio is sensitive to the values of dark energy parameters and can be used to find them based on the observational data on mass density and peculiar velocities of galaxies in the voids.
Highlights
The cosmological constant, which has been introduced into general relativity one hundred years ago by Albert Einstein [1], played an important role in the development of the theory of structure and evolution of the Universe
We show that the data on dynamical structure of the voids, positions, number densities and peculiar velocities of the galaxies at central parts of the voids are sensitive to the parameters of dark energy
After Amendola and colleagues computed the weak gravitational lensing by voids [53] it became possible to find the constraints on cosmological parameters from the influence of this lensing on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) [54]
Summary
The cosmological constant, which has been introduced into general relativity one hundred years ago by Albert Einstein [1], played an important role in the development of the theory of structure and evolution of the Universe. Since the cosmological constant has no consistent physical interpretation, other essences have been proposed to explain the accelerated expansion of the Universe. They have been commonly referred to as the “dark energy” [5]. Among them the most elaborated ones are the scalar field models of dark energy [6,7,8,9]. We show that the data on dynamical structure of the voids, positions, number densities and peculiar velocities of the galaxies at central parts of the voids are sensitive to the parameters of dark energy
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