Voice and Behavior of Children and Adolescents With Obesity: Integrative Literature Review

Abstract

To verify the relationship between obesity, voice and behavior in childhood and adolescence, through an integrative review. The researchers surveyed the articles indexed in the following databases: Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Pubmed, using uniterms found in the Medical Subject Headings, related to the subject of the study, combined by the Boolean operators "and" and "or", published until January 2022. In the end, three reviewers selected the articles. When searching for studies related to voice, obesity and behavior, 62 articles were found that did not meet the selection criteria and were excluded. Given this result, new searches were carried out with the following crossing strategies: voice and obesity and; Voice, Behavior and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). After the evaluation of the reviewers, two articles were selected referring to the intersection "voice and obesity in children and adolescents" and, two studies, in the intersection between "voice, behavior and CBCL". The first study on voice and obesity showed that the greater the abdominal circumference, the greater the maximum expiratory force and sound pressure found. The second study showed high Jitter and NHR values in obese children. Furthermore, studies on voice, behavior and CBCL showed that children with vocal nodules were more sociable than children without vocal nodules, and had behaviors described as "screams a lot" and "teases a lot". On the other hand, another study found potential risks of behavioral changes in the face of vocal complaints. Although this literature review did not find studies associating obesity with vocal and behavioral disorders, the literature found showed the presence of vocal alteration in some acoustic parameters in obese children. Regarding voice, behavior and CBCL, two studies were found reporting the presence of behavioral changes in children with voice-related complaints, according to the opinion of their parents.