Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease Clinical Course, Therapy, Complications and Prognostic Factors

Abstract

Aim: To determine the clinical course, therapy, complications and prognostic factors in patients with VKH disease. Design: Hospital-based retrospective study. Materials and methods: Medical records of all patients with VKH disease over an 11-year period were retrospectively analyzed. Statistical analysis used: SPSS, non-parametric method, Mann-Whitney test. Results: Twenty-three patients (38 eyes) with VKH disease were included in the study. The study was conducted over a period of 11 years. The mean age of the patients was 37.26 years (SD 12.41). Thirty-Seven eyes (97.36%) presented with exudative retinal detachment, 20 eyes (52.63%) had optic disk edema and 18 eyes (47.36%) had anterior uveitis. All 23 patients were started on systemic steroids. Four patients (17.39%) were also treated with immunosuppressants. To test the significance of factors affecting final visual acuity, nonparametric method, the Mann-Whitney test was applied. It was found that worse visual acuity at presentation, more number of complications, increased cumulative duration of the disease and male sex were associated with a worse final visual acuity. Conclusion: Factors associated with worse final visual acuity were male sex, worse initial visual acuity, more number of complications and increased cumulative duration of the disease.