Abstract
<h2>Summary</h2> These preliminary findings are for one subject only and therefore do not allow any inferences to be made for general differences between the ring and constricted vocal tract configurations. In this one case, the training goal of an open throat was confirmed by radiography, and the associated sound production was judged louder in a listening test. Whether any perceived difference in loudness is due to the vocal tract shape cannot be determined until the acoustic analysis is made and correlated to the physiological features. Then it may be possible to determine if an effect on resonance, such as tuning, can account for the difference in loudness or if the difference is due to the source function.
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