Vocal Outcomes Following Laser-Assisted Sulcus Release for Superficial and Deep Vocal Fold Sulcus

Abstract

The objective is to study vocal outcomes following laser-assisted sulcus release (LASR), having documented the length and depth of the sulcus intraoperatively. LASR performed for superficial and deep sulci were included. Retrospective, observational. The preoperative and 3-month postoperative and post voice-therapy Voice Handicap Index 10 (VHI), Grade-Roughness-Breathiness-Asthenia-Strain of the voice (GRBAS), Maximum Phonation Time (MPT), Fundamental Frequency (FO), and stroboscopy findings were noted retrospectively from our voice clinic records of LASR patients. Intraoperative sulci length and depth details were noted from records. Patients with coexisting lesions, surgically tackled, were excluded. In a total of 14 patients, 21 superficial sulci and eight deep sulci were operated by LASR. The average preoperative VHI improved from 25.3 to 9.9, GRBAS from 10.6 to 3.5, and MPT from 7.6 to 12.3seconds. The preoperative average FO was 235.9Hz in 12 patients (no pick-up in two) with a postoperative 248.4Hz. Using the Mann-Whitney U test, we found a statistically significant improvement in MPT, VHI, and GRBAS of the patients. There was no significant improvement in the FO of the patients. There was no postoperative voice deterioration in any patient. A preoperative phonatory gap was found in all patients, which postoperatively was absent in 10, markedly decreased in three, present in one with stroboscopy revealing an improvement in mucosal wave amplitude in 13 patients. In four patients with deep bilateral sulci where the LASR had been ligament deep, VHI improved from 26 to 13.3, GRBAS from 12 to 6.5, and MPT from 4.3 to 9.5seconds. Using the Mann-Whitney U test, all three parameters were significantly improved. A statistically significant vocal improvement in VHI, GRBAS, and MPT was observed at 3months, in superficial and deep sulci, operated by LASR. LASR is a simple, quick, and easily replicable surgery. Larger multi-centric studies with long-term follow-up are recommended.