Vocal fold polyps: modern possibilities of laser surgery in comparison with the use of cold microinstruments

Abstract

To perform a comparative analysis of phonosurgical interventions, which were made using a 445 nm semiconductor laser or cold microinstrumentation in patients with «vocal fold polyp» diagnosis. The number of surgical interventions equal 30 regarding vocal fold polyp was done in otorhinolaryngology clinic of Pavlov First State Medical University of St. Petersburg in the period from September 2021 yr. to September 2022 yr. The phonosurgical intervention was performed under the conditions of direct suspension microlaryngoscopy by Kleinsasser under general anesthesia using high frequency ventilation through an endotracheal catheter. Surgical interventions were carried out using a 445-nm semiconductor laser in pulsed mode for patients of the 1st group (n=15) and using microsurgical instruments for patients of the 2nd group (n=15). The comparative analysis was conducted based on the results of an objective vocal function assessment by acoustic analysis, as well as on the data of a subjective assessment of the voice using the questionnaire VHI-10rus. The severity of reactive inflammatory phenomena in the postoperative period has been compared and the oscillating movements of vocal folds have been evaluated according to the videolaryngoscopy data. The severity of pain syndrome in the postoperative period was assessed by visual analogue scale. There were no statistically significant differences in the results between two groups. Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences in parameter recovery degree, evaluated by videolaryngoscopy data. Moreover, a full recovery of mucosal wave was found in 93% of patients operated with laser on 7th day, while 47% of patients had the same result after use of cold microinstrumentation. The use of 445-nm semiconductor laser for phonosurgical interventions in vocal folds' polyps can be recommended for predicted successful recovery of vocal function, minimization of reactive inflammatory phenomena in postoperative period and early patients' rehabilitation.