Vocal displays under water by the gray seal, the harbor seal,. and the stellar sea lion

Abstract

Study was made of the vocal repertoires of three species of seals and sea lions which, until now, have been reported as not being very vocal under water. Sonograms of underwater vocalizations are presented for the gray seal and the harbor seal for the first time. In all cases, underwater vocalization occurred within a social context, and it was noted that many of the vocalizations emitted under water may also be emitted in air.