Vnútropolitická situácia v Československu pred konaním Mníchovskej konferencie

Abstract

Despite the increasingly deteriorating international situation in 1938 and despite the increasingly tense domestic political situation in Czechoslovakia (which we briefly described above) and despite the evident evidence that armed conflict in Central Europe is increasingly inevitable, the optimistic mood prevailed in Czechoslovak society. If we look at the given situation through the lens of the time, it is clear to us that Czechoslovak society could not afford defeatism at that time. Even though the parliamentary and political system of the Czechoslovak Republic suffered a major blow due to the critical events of September 1938, this did not mean that the government of the Czechoslovak Republic planned to completely surrender to the dictates of Germany and its allies. As the mood of the time shows, the society of Czechoslovakia was actively prepared to defend its democratically elected government and its democratic Masaryk political system, which was the basic pillar of democracy throughout the existence of the first Czechoslovakia. The government of the Czechoslovak Republic tried in every possible way to solve the nationality problem that arose in the Czechoslovak Republic. It can be said, however, that this political struggle to solve this problem was already lost, since Henlein‘s Sudeten German Party and even the German politicians themselves were not interested in solving the minority problem in Czechoslovakia, but rather in the destruction of Czechoslovakia as such, either through a peaceful diplomatic or political by way of or through the Fall Grünn, i.e., the military liquidation of Czechoslovakia. I am aware that the issue described above is only a short excursion that points to a much more complex topic that deserves a separate, more detailed, and especially extensive treatment. The internal political situation in Czechoslovakia before the Munich Agreement is a topic that I will certainly focus on in more detail in my rigorous work, and in this work, I plan to point out in more detail why the solution to the nationality problem in Czechoslovakia was a lost political as well as diplomatic battle of the Czechoslovakian government.