VNOTES Hysterectomy with Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping for Endometrial Cancer: Description of Technique and Perioperative Outcomes

Abstract

To explore the technique and clinical value of transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) in hysterectomy and sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping for endometrial cancer by comparing its perioperative outcomes with those of laparoscopic staging. Retrospective cohort study. Department of gynecology at a tertiary medical center. All women diagnosed with endometrial cancer who underwent minimally invasive surgery at our center between August 2017 and May 2020. Both vNOTES and laparoscopic approaches were used for hysterectomy and SLN mapping. The success of SLN detection as well as perioperative outcomes were subsequently analyzed. This study included 74 patients; 23 patients underwent vNOTES surgery, whereas 51 underwent standard laparoscopic surgery. The total successful SLN detection was 95.7% in the vNOTES group and 92.2% in the laparoscopy group (p >.05), whereas the bilateral success rates were 87.0% and 90.2%, respectively. No difference in SLN detection was observed between the 2 groups in terms of the side-specific mapping efficacy quotient (91.3% vs 91.2%, p = .47). The number of harvested SLNs, operative time, estimated blood loss, and intraoperative complications in the 2 groups were similar. One (4.3%) postoperative complication occurred in the vNOTES group vs 4 (7.9%) in the laparoscopy group (p = .029), and the median postoperative hospital stay was 3 days vs 4 days (p = .003). This study suggests that the vNOTES procedure is feasible, with a potentially decreased postoperative hospital stay, faster recovery, and better cosmetic results. However, prospective research is needed to validate its broader clinical application.