Abstract
Broadband (8–25 Hz) measurements of ocean‐bottom reflection loss were made using airgun sound sources and a vertical hydrophone array for grazing angles between 5 and 55 deg. Frequency‐wavenumber analysis was used to partition the energy received by the hydrophone array into the energy spectrum due to the direct water path and that from the path with one bottom reflection. Bottom loss estimates were then calculated as the ratio of the energy spectrum from these two propagation paths. Comparisons of theoretical and measured reflection loss are made. An increase in bottom loss is observed near 35 deg and can be explained as a critical angle effect. [Work supported by Office of Naval Technology.]
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