Vitricity of grain and evaluation of adaptive capability of perspective lines of spring hard wheat in the conditions of the Omsk region

Abstract

The authors studied varieties and lines of durum spring wheat according to grain vitreousness in 2019–2022 based on the selected crop rotation of the durum wheat laboratory of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Omsk ANC”, as well as at the stronghold of seed production in the steppe zone in the village Novouralsky of the Tavrichesky district of the Omsk region. Competitive variety testing was based on a pure fallow of 26 numbers, five varieties. The area of plots is ten m², repeated four times; the placement is randomised. The weather conditions differed, in contrast, both in terms of precipitation and temperature regime. In 2019, atypical meteorological conditions developed: favourable in the first growing season and dry in the second (Volga type of drought); in 2020, a deficit was observed throughout the summer. The most unfavourable conditions for filling and ripening of grain took shape in 2021 and 2022. Ecological plasticity parameters were calculated according to S.A. Eberhart and W.A. Russell. The effects of additive and multiplicative interactions (AMMI-analysis) were determined by R.W. Zobel et al. The analysis showed the effectiveness of differentiating the genotype’s response to the AMMI analysis’s environment and the S.A. Eberhart, W.A. Russell. Average vitreousness for 2019–2022 amounted to 57.5%. According to varieties and lines, vitreousness varied from 54 to 62%. The lines Gordeiforme 12-11-7 and Gordeiforme 14-83-1 were the most responsive to changing environmental conditions. For cultivation in Western Siberia, the following varieties are recommended: Omsk malachite and the line Gordeiforme 12-75-3.