Abstract
Migraine is the most common form of headache disorder globally. The etiology of migraine is multifactorial, with genetic components and environmental interactions considered to be the main causal factors. Some researchers postulate that deficits in mitochondrial energy reserves can cause migraine or an increase in homocysteine levels can lead to migraine attacks; therefore, vitamins could play a vital role in migraine prevention. For instance, riboflavin influences mitochondrial dysfunction and prevents migraine. Genes such as flavoenzyme 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), especially the C677T variant, have been associated with elevated plasma levels of homocysteine and migraine with aura. Homocysteine catalyzation requires the presence of vitamins B6, B12, and folic acid, which can decrease the severity of migraine with aura, making these vitamins potentially useful prophylactic agents for treating migraine with aura. Menstrual migraine, on the other hand, is associated with increased prostaglandin (PG) levels in the endometrium, indicating a role for vitamin E, which is an anti-PG. Vitamin C can also be used as a scavenger of reactive oxygen species for treating neurogenic inflammation in migraine patients. This paper reviews possible therapies based on vitamin supplementation for migraine prophylaxis, focusing on migraine with aura and menstrual migraine.
Highlights
Migraine is a common, painful, and disabling condition characterized by recurrent, unilateral, and pulsatile attacks of headache that can be moderate to severe in intensity [1]
These symptoms differ from migraine without aura, which is not preceded by aura and may last from 4 to BioMed Research International
Vitamins are useful for migraine prevention, and riboflavin is reported to be an effective alternative prophylactic agent among pediatric and adult migraine patients by increasing the synthesis of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) to generate phosphorylation potentials
Summary
Painful, and disabling condition characterized by recurrent, unilateral, and pulsatile attacks of headache that can be moderate to severe in intensity [1]. Premonitory and resolution phase symptoms including hyperactivity and hypoactivity, depression, cravings for particular foods, repetitive yawning, and other less typical symptoms are reported by some patients These symptoms differ from migraine without aura, which is not preceded by aura and may last from 4 to BioMed Research International. Preventive treatment for migraine helps reduce disability by decreasing the frequency, severity, and duration of migraine attacks. Preventive treatment is especially crucial for patients with severe migraine attacks and migraine-related disability. The primary goals of preventive treatment are reduced frequency and severity of migraine headaches, and it is important that these goals be communicated to patients [20,21,22]. This review highlights the roles of several types of vitamins that have the potential to be used as migraine prophylaxis
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