Vitamin E intake and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) rs662 genetic polymorphism are associated with colorectal cancer risk in a Korean population

Abstract

Vitamin E and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) are associated with cancer development. However, their interactive effect on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is inconclusive. We conducted a case–control study including 1,351 CRC patients and 2,670 controls at the Korean National Cancer Centre (KNCC). There was an inverse association between vitamin E intake and CRC risk (odds ratio (OR) = 0.31; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.22–0.42). We identified a reduced CRC risk among individuals with CC genotype of PON1 rs662 polymorphism compared with subjects carrying the T allele (OR = 0.74; 95% CI = 0.61–0.90). The highest interaction between vitamin E intake and PON1 rs662 variants was significant for the subjects carrying the CC genotype (p-interaction = 0.014). This study provided further supporting evidence that vitamin E intake is associated with lower odds of CRC. Furthermore, the activity of vitamin E is strengthened among individuals carrying C allele of the PON1 rs662 polymorphism.