Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a common risk factor for multifactorial diseases, and it seems to be associated with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Vitamin D could prevent dental caries. The goal of this study was to identify whether there is an association between hormonal therapy with growth hormone (GH), vitamin D3 supplementation, vitamin D3 levels, and the occurrence of caries among children affected by GHD. The study group consisted of patients from the Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology of the University Paediatric Hospital at the Medical University of Lublin treated with recombinant human GH for pituitary GHD. It was conducted between October 2014 and June 2015. The study group included 121 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years, with 56 children from rural areas and 65 from urban areas. The study group was stratified by the area of residence. We found the statistically significant impact of vitamin D3 concentration on the average value of the DMFT (decayed, missed, and filled teeth) index and its component—DT (decayed teeth), which was noted in subjects from rural areas. Among patients from urban areas, we found a statistically significant correlation between duration of therapy and the DMFT index. An increase in duration of GH therapy by 10 months leads to a mean increase in DMFT index by 0.70. Based on multiple regression analysis, we developed the following model: value of DT = 3.10 − 0.73∗category of vitamin D3 concentration − 0.07∗duration of supplementation (in months). In this model, variables with a significant impact on the value of DT in the group of patients from rural areas include time of vitamin D3 supplementation and category of vitamin D3 concentration. Greater emphasis should be placed on promoting vitamin D3 as a potentially effective agent reducing the number of dental caries, especially among patients with GHD.
Highlights
No significant impact of vitamin D3 concentration on mean DMFT and its components was observed in urban areas
Our results showed that higher vitamin D3 concentrations and vitamin D supplementation reduces the intensity of active caries in children with Growth hormone deficiency (GHD)
This suggests that caries may constitute a symptom of vitamin D deficiency
Summary
It is ingested orally through diet or supplements or produced photochemically in the skin. Vitamin D has diverse biological functions, and its relevance extends beyond bone health and calcium metabolism [1]. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in the maintenance of calcium homeostasis to ensure proper bone mineralization, especially during periods of rapid growth, such as childhood and adolescence. There has been growing interest in vitamin D due to the association between its levels and numerous disorders, such as malignancies, cardiovascular disease, disorders of glucose metabolism, neurodegenerative diseases, and caries [2, 3]. The first reports of the association between vitamin D and teeth cavities appeared in 1928 [5]. Growth retardation is the main symptom of GHD, manifesting at different times of development in International Journal of Endocrinology n Total
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