Abstract
The aim was to evaluate roles of vitamin D3 (VD3) and beta-carotene (BC) in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in a high-risk area, Huai'an District, Huai'an City, China. 100 new ESCC diagnosed cases from 2007 to 2008 and 200 residency- age-, and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. Data were collected from questionnaires, including a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to calculate the BC intake, and reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was used to measure the serum concentrations of BC and VD3. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated in conditional logistic regression models. The average dietary intake of BC was 3322.9 μg (2032.4- 5734.3) in the case group and 3626.8 μg (1961.9-5827.9) in control group per capita per day with no significant difference by Wilcoxon test (p>0.05). However, the levels of VD3 and BC in the case group were significantly lower than in the control group (p<0.05). The OR values of the highest quartile and the lowest quartile of VD3 and BC in serum samples were both 0.13. Our results add to the evidence that high circulating levels of VD3 and BC are associated with a reduced risk of ESCC in this Chinese population.
Highlights
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common upper gastrointestinal malignancies which give rise to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide which are respectively ranked eighth and sixth in the world
Chromatographic conditions selection: vitamin D3 (VD3) was detected in 5 min and BC was detected in 36 min, and the mobile phase was changed by adding methylene chloride to shorten the coming time of BC (80:20, v/v)
It was difficult to separate VD3 from impurities in very short time, a gradient elution technique was applied to achieve a baseline separation of the vitamins and to shorten the total analysis time
Summary
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common upper gastrointestinal malignancies which give rise to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide which are respectively ranked eighth and sixth in the world. China alone has 250000 new diagnosed cases annually which contribute to more than half of the world’s cases, and the incidence cases in northern Jiangsu area are still fairly high (Wiseman, 2008). In Huai’an District, Huai’an City, a high-risk area in China, the new cases of esophageal cancer are 10147 during 1998 and 2006, accounted for 42.74% of all new cases of malignant tumors, with an incidence rate of approximately 93 per 100000 population in the crowd. Substantial reports have shown the efficacy of vitamin D3 (VD3) and VD3 analogues on inhibition of the proliferation of cells of breast, prostate, skin and colon cancer in vitro (Fleet, 2008). Bruggemann (Bruggemann et al, 2010) reported that VD3 inhibited cell growth in vitro, but was not effective against tumor cell growth in the in vivo animal models
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
