Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in association with diabetic nephropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Lina Yang,Yi Fan,Jianfei Ma,Lan Wu

doi:10.1186/s12881-017-0458-8

Abstract

BackgroundA large amount of researches have demonstrated that vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms are associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN) risk in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Nevertheless, the results are inconclusive and inconsistent.MethodsWe screened PubMed, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese Wanfang databases for those relevant studies updated in May 2016.Results7 studies involving 2564 subjects were recruited. We evaluated the genotypic and allelic differences between DN patients and DM controls. Overall analysis showed that no significant association was found among the ApaI, BsmI, FokI,TaqI gene polymorphisms and DN susceptibility in diabetic patients (all P values > 0.05). In the stratified analysis, TT genotype was related to DN susceptibility in Asians (TT vs Tt + tt: OR =2.21, 95% CI: 1.05–4.67, p = 0.04). The sensitivity analysis showed that the results in overall populations, Caucasians and Asians were dependable.ConclusionsNo significant association was found among the ApaI, BsmI, FokI, TaqI polymorphisms and DN risk in overall populations, the TaqI variants might related to DN susceptibility in Asians. Further researches are required to testify our meta-analysis.

Highlights

A large amount of researches have demonstrated that vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms are associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN) risk in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients
Several factors always contributing to DN risk include abnormal renal hemodynamic responses, fatty acid metabolism caused by hyperglycemia, hypertension, and abnormal metabolism of vasoactive substances [6]
Characteristics of the studies The search yielded 67 articles, 7 studies [18, 22,23,24,25,26,27] contain 1230 DN patients and 1334 diabetic controls were recruited into our meta-analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, all studies reporting the association among ApaI, BsmI, FokI, TaqI of VDR gene polymorphisms and DN susceptibility (Fig. 1)

Summary

Introduction

A large amount of researches have demonstrated that vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms are associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN) risk in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. The vascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) can lead to high disability rates and mortality rates. As one of the most serious diabetic microvascular diseases, diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main reason of end-stage renal failure(ESRD) [2, 3]. Genetic predispositions have been found to play a key role in the Previous studies showed that vitamin D endocrine system played an important role in the development of DM [9,10,11]. An increasing number of researches showed that there was a relationship between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and DN [17, 18]. The most common studied single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of VDR are FokI (rs10735810), BsmI (rs1544410), ApaI (rs7975232) and TaqI (rs731236) [19, 20]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion