Abstract
Based on an inverse association between vitamin D levels and the risks of colorectal diseases, a functional start codon polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is speculated to affect the risks for these diseases. To validate this hypothesis, we first conducted a case-control study of 695 colorectal cancer patients and 1,397 controls. The association of VDR FokI polymorphism with colorectal cancer risk was analyzed using a logistic regression model. In the present case-control study, compared to the F allele, the f allele seemed to be associated with lower risks of colon cancer and advanced colorectal cancer. Additionally, a meta-analysis of 27 studies was conducted to combine findings from previous studies investigating the association of FokI polymorphism with colorectal disease using a random effects model. In the present meta-analysis, the f allele was positively associated with the risk of inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. However, this allele was inversely associated with colon cancer and was not associated with the risk of rectal cancer or colorectal adenoma. In conclusion, the findings from this study imply that the role of VDR FokI polymorphism may differ based on the type and severity of colorectal disease.
Highlights
Epidemiologic studies have reported that low serum vitamin D levels are associated with an increased risk of colorectal diseases such as colorectal cancer[1], colorectal adenoma[2], and inflammatory bowel disease[3,4]
Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the associations of vitamin D receptor (VDR) FokI polymorphism with the risks of colorectal cancer, colorectal adenoma, and inflammatory bowel disease
No significant differences were identified between the cases and controls in terms of body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and alcohol consumption (Supplementary Table S1)
Summary
Epidemiologic studies have reported that low serum vitamin D levels are associated with an increased risk of colorectal diseases such as colorectal cancer[1], colorectal adenoma[2], and inflammatory bowel disease[3,4]. The associations of VDR polymorphisms with the risks of various diseases, including cancer and immune disease, have been extensively examined in epidemiologic studies. Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the associations of VDR FokI polymorphism with the risks of colorectal cancer, colorectal adenoma, and inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between VDR FokI polymorphism and the risk of colorectal disease. A systematic meta-analysis was performed to combine data from previous studies on the association between VDR FokI polymorphism and the risks of colorectal diseases, including colorectal cancer, colorectal adenoma, and inflammatory bowel disease. We conducted a case-control study in Korea
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